A comprehensive survey of the Red Panda population in the Kingdom of Bhutan has been conducted. The results were released by the WWF this week.
Red Pandas are found in 19 of Bhutan’s 20 districts, mainly in protected areas and biological corridors connecting them. Approximately 28.58% of Bhutan’s land area, or about 10,971 km², is considered potential habitat for Red Pandas.
During the 2023 Red Panda Survey, the scientific team collected 482 fecal samples, of which 462 were suitable for DNA analysis. Data from camera traps was also analyzed.
302 Red Pandas in Bhutan
The analysis identified 302 Red Pandas in a study area that covers only 6% of Bhutan’s total land area. Given the 28.58% of potential habitat in Bhutan mentioned at the beginning, this suggests a potentially much larger population in Bhutan. The genetic survey showed moderate genetic diversity, with some districts showing higher diversity.
Despite their legal protection, Red Pandas are also threatened in Bhutan. One of the main threats is free-roaming herding dogs, which not only prey on Red Pandas, but can also carry diseases such as rabies and distemper – both infections to which Red Pandas are highly susceptible.
Habitat loss due to climate change is also a major threat, as extreme weather events and changes in vegetation affect bamboo forests. In addition, parts of local communities sometimes lack awareness of the need to protect these animals.
Red Panda Conservation
However, Bhutan has launched several initiatives to ensure the protection of the Red Panda. These include conservation measures implemented in partnership with herders. The study also identifies five cornerstones for Red Panda conservation in Bhutan:
- Conservation of bamboo forests, which are vital to the survival of the Red Panda, and promotion of sustainable forest management are key.
- Connectivity corridors between isolated populations are important to maintain genetic diversity.
- Long-term monitoring of Red Panda populations helps to detect population declines early and to take action.
- The reasons for the population decline in recent years should also be investigated to minimize future risks.
- Cooperation with neighboring countries could help protect Red Pandas across national borders.